Lincoln's Inaugural

If we shall suppose that American slavery is one of those offenses which, in the providence of God, must needs come, but which, having continued through His appointed time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North and South this terrible war as the woe due to those by whom the offense came, shall we discern therein any departure from those divine attributes which the believers in a living God always ascribe to Him? Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray, that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away. Yet, if God wills that it continue until all the wealth piled by the bondsman's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said three thousand years ago, so still it must be said "the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether."

William Tecumseh Sherman

Robert E. Lee

Tax Evader?

Arlington National Cemetery

Union _~~~ Confederate

Contraband

Soldier

Veteran

1. April 9, 1865: Lee Surrenders to Grant
2. April 11, 1865: Lincoln calls for black suffrage
3. April 14, 1865 (Good Friday): Lincoln killed at Ford's Theater.

Lincoln's Inaugural

Lincoln's Inaugural

Andrew Johnson

Civil Rights Act of 1866:

All persons born in the US are citizens deserving equality before the law, including property, and freedom of contract. (Overturns Dred Scott).

Frederick Douglass: “Verily, the work does not end with the abolition of slavery, but only begins.”

Charles Sumner

Fourteenth Amendment.

All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Reconstruction Act.

Ulysses S. Grant

The "Bloody Shirt"

Amendment XV (1870)

Section 1.

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Section 2.

The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Jurors for Jefferson Davis, Richmond, 1867

Legislators, South Carolina

Richmond, 1865

Gettysburg reunions